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osteopenia = decreased bone mass in the absence of spontaneous #’s
osteoporosis = clinical # syndrome
osteomalacia = decreased mineralization, can co-exist with above
Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis
Idiopathic osteoporosis in young adults
Involutional osteoporosis
estrogen deprivation
Ca & vit D deficiency
oophorectomy
hysterectomy
steroids (> 7.5 mg\day)
hyperparaTh
hyperthyroidism
anticonvulsants
gastrectomy
small bowel resection
myeloma & mets
alcohol abuse
low weight or anorexia
inactivity or excessive exercise
smoking
high protein diet
Type 1 | Type 2 | |
(Postmenopausal) | (Senile) | |
Age | 50 to 70 | > 70 |
F:M Ratio | 6 : 1 | 2 : 1 |
Bone loss | Trabecular | Cortical |
Rate of loss | Rapid | Not Rapid |
# sites | Vertebrae | Vertebrae |
Distal Radius | Hip | |
vertebral body wedge compression #s:
Features suggestive of malignancy: